Materi Pembelajaran

 DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

Written by: Desi Ratna Sari

Mata Pelajaran: Bahasa Inggris

Level: SMP

Kelas: VII/GENAP

Materi Pokok: Descriptive Text

Tujuan Pembelajaran :

Peserta didik dapat membandingkan, fungsi sosial, struktur teks serta unsur-unsur kebahasaan beberapa teks report dan terampil dalam menangkap makna terkait fungsi sosial, struktur teks dan unsur-unsur kebahasaan dengan penuh rasa ingin tahu, disiplin, percaya diri selama proses pembelajaran.

A. Descriptive Text

Descriptive Text is a text that contains the description of an object, which is an animal, place, people, thing, etc.

B. Social Function of Descriptive Text

Social function of Descriptive Text is clear, that is to describe, represent or reveal an object, it can be animal, place, people, thing, and plant to the readers.

C. Generic Structure of Descriptive Text

Descriptive text has its own rules regarding its structure. The following is a generic descriptive text structure:

1. Identification

This section, located in the first paragraph, aims to identify an object to be described. Identification serves to introduce the reader to the object that we are going to explain, before we tell about the object in more detail in the next paragraph.

2. Description

This section, located in the second paragraph and so on, contains the characteristics inherent in something that you have introduced to the reader in the first paragraph.

D. Characteristics of Descriptive Text

1. Using Simple Present Tense

This text uses the Simple Present Tense because we will describe the facts attached to an object and one of the functions of the Simple Present Tense itself is to show a fact or truth.

Example:

If you want to describe your bedroom, you can use this sentence: The color of my bedroom is blue.

2. Using many adjectives (adjectives).

Because the function of this text is to provide information by describing an object being described, in descriptive text there will be many adjectives . Examples are big, small, colorful, and so on.

3. Using a connecting verb (relating verb).

A relative verb is a verb that gives an explanation to the noun that is the subject of a sentence. For example: is, have, seem, appear, and other verbs.

E. Example of Descriptive Text

This Descriptive Text below is about Cactus.

           Cactus (Kaktus)

Cactus

A cactus (plural: cacti) is any member of the plant family Cactaceae, native to the Americas. They are often used as ornamental plants, but some are also crop plants. Cacti are grown for protection of property from wild animals, as well as many other uses.

Cacti are part of the plant order Caryophyllales, which also include members like beets, gypsophila, spinach, amaranth, tumbleweeds, carnations, rhubarb, buckwheat, plumbago, bougainvillea, chickweed and knotgrass.

Cacti are unusual and distinctive plants, which are adapted to extremely arid and hot environments, showing a wide range of anatomical and physiological features which conserve water. Their stems have adapted to become photosynthetic and succulent, while the leaves have become the spines for which cacti are well known.

Cacti come in a wide range of shapes and sizes. The tallest is Pachycereus pringlei, with a maximum recorded height of 19.2 m, and the smallest is Blossfeldia liliputiana, only about 1 cm in diameter at maturity. Cactus flowers are large, and like the spines and branches arise from areoles. Many cactus species are night blooming, as they are pollinated by nocturnal insects or small animals, principally moths and bats. Cacti range in size from small and globular to tall and columnar.

F. The Differences of Descriptive Text and Report Text

Some text types are quite difficult to differ. Such report and descriptive text have the similarity in the social function and generic structure. However if they are analyzed carefully, the slight difference between the two text types will reveal.

The purpose of the two texts are to give the live-description of the object/participant. Both the report and descriptive text try to show rather than tell the reader about the factual condition of the object. Readers by themselves will catch the impressive point of the object through that showing writing style. What make different, between report and descriptive text, is the scope of the written object. If we talk about, eg: bicycle, it belongs to report text. It will talk about bicycle in general; its parts, physical strengh, function for certain people or other general characters of bike.

In the other hand, descriptive text will convey more focus, for example "my bicycle" with its specific characters; colour, lengh, wheel style, etc.

G. Assignment of Descriptive Text

My Bedroom

Let me tell you about my bedroom. There are many kinds of furniture in my bedroom. In the centre of my room, there is my bed. The bed is made of wood. There is a nice bed cover and a warm blanket for my bed. On the right side of my bed, there is a wardrobe. I put my clothes in it. On the left side of my bed, there is a bookshelf. I put my books there. There IS a table and a chair next to the shelf. I usually sit there to study. On the table, there is a desk lamp. When I study in the evening, I always turn on the lamp. There is also an alarm clock on my table. I set the alarm in the evening before I go to bed. It wakes me up in the morning. I always clean my bedroom every day. I arrange things neatly to make my bedroom comfortable to live in.

Questions:

1. The text mainly tells us about ?

A. The furniture in the writer's bedroom

B. The kinds of furniture in a bedroom

C. The bed in the writer's bedroom

D. The writer's bedroom

2. What is the bed like?

A. A cozy wooden bedroom.

B. In the center of the room.

C. Nice and large.

D. Small but nice.

3. Where is the location of the desk lamp?

A. On the table.

B. Next to the bed.

C. Next to the table.

D. Behind the alarm clock.

4. What is the function of the alarm clock?

A. To give information about the weather.

B. To wake the writer up in the morning.

C. To make the writer sleep.

D. To tell the time to sleep.